Cooperative ambient intelligence: towards autonomous and adaptive cooperative ubiquitous environments

Cooperative ambient intelligence provides users and groups of users with seamless and flexible support for communication and work in groups at one location and among groups at distributed locations. Autonomous and adaptive cooperative ubiquitous environments that are conceptually elegant, technologically sound and user-centred provide vital contributions for their success. This article characterises the evolution of interactive systems based on five foci, identifies the respective strengths of autonomous and adaptive behaviour from a users’ perspective, and derives research issues for future cooperative ambient intelligence environments.